North Atlantic right whale experts on both sides of the border express cautious optimism following an increase in the number of new calves born this year. A total of 23 calves were welcomed during the calving season spanning from November to April off the southeastern U.S., marking the highest count since 2009.
Amy Warren, a scientific program officer at the New England Aquarium’s Anderson Cabot Center for Ocean Life, described this year’s 23 calves as a hopeful sign. However, she emphasized that the calves need to survive into adulthood to contribute to the endangered population, which currently stands at just 380 individuals.
The rise in calf numbers this year contrasts with previous years of low birth rates, with 2018 recording no known calves born. The health of the mothers plays a crucial role in calving success, influenced by factors such as food availability and consumption. Warren highlighted the impact of climate change on the whales’ food sources, which have shifted northward, affecting their ability to feed during calving and nursing periods.
Various human-induced stressors, including ocean noise, ship traffic, vessel collisions, and entanglements in fishing gear, also pose threats to the whales’ well-being. Conservation efforts have been implemented in Canadian and U.S. waters to protect the North Atlantic right whales, such as fishery closures and speed restrictions for marine vessels.
Researchers noted not only an increase in calf numbers this year but also a shorter gap between successive births for some mothers, indicating potential improvements in overall health. The presence of calves from experienced mothers, such as Ghost and Juno, further contributes to the positive outlook for population growth.
Although the 23 new calves signify progress, the population remains critically low, underscoring the need for sustained conservation measures and continued monitoring. Delphine Durette-Morin, from the Canadian Whale Institute, described the recent baby boom as encouraging but emphasized the necessity of consistent birth rates to reverse the population decline.
The whales have been observed moving into Canadian waters, with sightings in the Gulf of St. Lawrence this year, offering hope for researchers monitoring the species’ distribution. The ongoing efforts to protect and support North Atlantic right whales aim to ensure their long-term survival and population recovery.
