A persistent issue with zebra mussels, microplastics originating from wastewater, ongoing E. coli concerns, and toxic algal blooms visible from space are all challenges facing Lake Winnipeg that have become familiar to Manitobans.
However, a less recognized aspect of the situation is now receiving significant attention, potentially offering insights into the future well-being of one of the largest freshwater basins in our changing world.
Professor Emily Chase, a globally experienced microbiologist and virologist at the University of Winnipeg, emphasized the overlooked role of viruses, particularly those infecting microalgae, in comprehending Lake Winnipeg’s ecosystem.
Last year, Chase initiated research on how viruses impact Lake Winnipeg’s microalgae, which are critiqued for forming a scummy blue-green film containing harmful neuro-toxins. Despite their negative reputation, microalgae play a vital role in the lake’s food chain.
Chase highlighted the importance of understanding viruses in the context of climate change, suggesting that by analyzing virus data and microbial activities in the lake, predictions about Lake Winnipeg’s future, particularly in the face of intensifying weather impacts, could be enhanced.
The significant contribution of phosphorus and nitrogen from agricultural runoff and wastewater to toxic algal blooms in Lake Winnipeg is well-documented. This, in part, led to the lake being labeled as the most threatened globally in 2013.
While the influence of viruses on broader lake dynamics remains less clear, Chase and her peers believe viruses may impact algal bloom collapses, potentially restoring water quality for various uses.
Drawing on her previous work in the Mediterranean Sea, Chase’s research aims to shed light on how Lake Winnipeg might evolve under climate change pressures, drawing parallels with warning signs observed in Lake Erie.
Should Lake Winnipeg follow the path of Lake Erie, prized fish stocks like walleye could face further threats, impacting recreational activities and tourism. Understanding the interplay between viruses, algae, and climate change is crucial for preparing for the lake’s future challenges.
Scott Higgins, a senior research scientist, expressed optimism about Chase’s research, suggesting it will address long-standing knowledge gaps and help Manitoba proactively navigate the changing dynamics of Lake Winnipeg.
