A group of researchers from the UK, Switzerland, and the Czech Republic have suggested a novel approach to long-term carbon storage by submerging mature trees from the expansive boreal forest into the deep Arctic Ocean. This innovative idea aims to sequester carbon for centuries, countering the carbon release that occurs when trees decay or burn, contributing to the atmosphere.
Published in the online journal npj Climate Action, the study utilized computer simulations to evaluate the impact of relocating specific stands of aging, fire-prone trees in regions like Canada, Alaska, and Russia. The proposal involves floating these trees down six Arctic rivers, including the Yukon and Mackenzie, before submerging them in the Arctic Ocean. Concurrently, fast-growing trees would be replanted to enhance the absorption of carbon from the air.
The researchers noted the potential benefits of this carbon sequestration method, estimating that by annually implementing this strategy in three 10,000 square kilometer zones within the boreal forest, approximately one gigaton of carbon dioxide could be extracted from the atmosphere each year. However, this figure represents only a fraction of the global carbon emissions, which totaled 37.8 gigatons in 2024 according to the International Energy Agency.
While the concept shows promise in theory, its practical execution poses challenges. The process entails significant energy consumption and associated carbon emissions, from felling trees in forests to transporting and sinking them in the Arctic waters. Moreover, there are uncertainties regarding the ecological repercussions on marine life and the disruption to forest ecosystems, which support a diverse array of organisms.
Furthermore, the initiative could impact the traditional livelihoods of Indigenous communities residing in these forested areas. This proposal forms part of a broader spectrum of geoengineering ideas aimed at mitigating escalating carbon emissions, including controversial methods like solar radiation management and space-based interventions, all of which carry inherent risks and uncertainties.
Ultimately, addressing the root cause of carbon emissions—primarily stemming from fossil fuel combustion—is crucial. The advancement of clean energy technologies such as solar, wind, nuclear power, and fusion energy presents viable alternatives to fossil fuels. While these sustainable solutions are gaining traction, overcoming resistance to change and transitioning away from entrenched fossil fuel industries remain pivotal in achieving a sustainable energy future.
